Massage therapy (Rattray)

Dislocations Complete dislocations of the articulating surfaces of a joint Subluxation is when the articulating surfaces of a joint remain in partial contact with each other Cause Trauma related sudden twist or wrench of the Jt beyond its normal ROM Risk factors Pathologies such as RA, paralysis, NM dz Congenital ligament laxity, Jt malformation Previous dislocation MC location of dislocation Ant. GH jt Lunate dislocation by fall on the outstretched hand, forcing the hyper extension Elbow dislocation is usually accompanied by Fx Palpation Acute : Heat, tender to touch, firm edema, protective mxl spasm Subacute : Heat diminishes, tenderness still present, Adhesion starts to form High mxl tone, TrP are present  Chronic: cool to touch d/t ischemia Tenderness to the lesion site Adhesions to jt. capsule and injured lig. High tone mxl and TrP Disuse atrophy may be present d/t casting or taping Testing Acute: AROM, other testing are contraindicat...

Cruciate & meniscal injury It is important as RMT to be able to differentiate between cruciate or meniscal injuries and collateral Lig injuries Massage has a direct effect on collateral ligaments b/o its anatomical location (palpable) Assessment Acute w/swelling AROM-limited, PROM-mxl guarding mxl strength testing: mxl crossing the knee should be Painless and indicated normal strength If there is pain, accompanying mxl might be injured Presence of swelling Early/Late subacute and Chronic AROM-limited, PROM-limited where jt locking is present, unable to fully extend the knee Mxl strength: Quadriceps may be reduced with disuse atrophy Special test:  Lachman's test , Ant ./ Post . drawer test, Valgus/Varus test Miniscal injury: McMurray's test, Bragard's sign, Apley's compression test, Helfet's test Massage of cruciate injury Acute/Subacute RICE Elevate the limb Primary focus of tx is the compensating structures (High tone, TrP) ...

Strain vs Sprain STRAINS s"T"rain = "T"endon Overstretch injury to musculotendinous unit (tendon) Concentric : Mxl contraction as the origin and insertion of the mxl comes closer together, Mxl fibres shorten Eccentric :Origin and insertion move farther apart, the mxl fibres lengthen Eccentric contraction can produce. greater force within the mxl than concentric contraction, predisposing the mxl to injury at this time Hypovascular nature of tendons contributes to decreased tissue health, allowing the tendon itself to rupture Fun fact! The younger people where the epiphyseal plate in the bone has not yet ossified, the mxl and tendons are stronger than the bone! Because tendons are moderately vascularized, they are prone to partial or complete rupture at the area of least blood supply either in the middle of the tendon or at the musculotendinous junction. What is the cause of STRAINS? Sudden overstitching of the mxl Extreme contraction o...

Contusions aka Bruise Crush injury to a muscle is called contusions that usually comes with bruising Cause Contact sports Motor vehicle accident Fall Fracture Dislocation of the joint Symptoms Acute Mild : Minimal local edema, heat and bruising are present 5-20% loss of ROM Minimum or no loss of strength They could continue activity   Moderate :Crushing of several or many fibres of the muscle Local swelling d/t hematoma, heat and bruising are present Mild tenderness on site of lesion20-50% loss of ROM Severe : Crushing of mxl fibres Local marked, rapid swelling d/t hematoma, edema, heat and bruising Severe pain at the lesion site over 50% loss of ROM and Functional loss of strength Unable to continue any activities Bruising : Red, black and/or blue Symptoms shows up rapidly Risk of bleeding again in the first 10 days Decreased ROM of joint crossed by affected mxl as bandaged to prevent from further swelling Early subacute Mild contusion...